Diphtheria: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

What is Diphtheria?

Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheria. In the past, diphtheria was a major cause of illness and death, especially in young children. Today, thanks to widespread vaccination, diphtheria is rare in the United States. However, it remains a health threat in many parts of the world.

How is Diphtheria Spread?

Diphtheria is spread through contact with respiratory droplets from an infected person. This can happen when someone with diphtheria coughs, sneezes, or talks. The bacteria can also be spread through contact with contaminated objects, such as toys or clothing.

What are the Symptoms of Diphtheria?

Symptoms of diphtheria usually develop 2-5 days after exposure to the bacteria. The most common symptoms of diphtheria include:**

Difficulty breathing

Sore throat

Hoarseness

Swollen lymph nodes

Fever

Chills

Nausea

Vomiting

What are the Complications of Diphtheria?

Diphtheria can lead to a number of serious complications, including:**

Heart failure

Kidney failure

Pneumonia

Paralysis

Death

How is Diphtheria Treated?

Diphtheria is treated with antibiotics. Antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that cause the infection. In addition to antibiotics, people with diphtheria may also need to receive other treatments, such as:**

Oxygen therapy

Intravenous fluids

Antitoxin

How can Diphtheria be Prevented?

The best way to prevent diphtheria is to get vaccinated. The diphtheria vaccine is part of the routine childhood immunization schedule in the United States. The vaccine is safe and effective, and it can protect you from diphtheria for many years.

In addition to getting vaccinated, you can also help prevent diphtheria by:**

Avoiding contact with people who are sick

Washing your hands frequently

Covering your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze

Staying home from school or work if you are sick

Conclusion

Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection, but it can be prevented with vaccination. If you are not vaccinated against diphtheria, talk to your doctor about getting vaccinated today.